雷达简介 雷达概念形成于20世纪初，在第二次世界大战前后获得飞速发展。雷达的工作原理，是设备的发射机通过天线把电磁波能量射向空间某一方向，处在此方向上的物体反射碰到的电磁波；雷达天线接收此反射波，送至接收设备进行处理，提取有关该物体的某些信息... 雷达简介
雷达概念形成于20世纪初，在第二次世界大战前后获得飞速发展。雷达的工作原理，是设备的发射机通过天线把电磁波能量射向空间某一方向，处在此方向上的物体反射碰到的电磁波；雷达天线接收此反射波，送至接收设备进行处理，提取有关该物体的某些信息(目标物体至雷达的距离，距离变化率或径向速度、方位、高度等)。雷达分为连续波雷达和脉冲雷达两大类。脉冲雷达因容易实现精确测距，且接收回波是在发射脉冲休止期内，所以接收天线和发射天线可用同一副天线，因而在雷达发展中居主要地位。测量距离实际是测量发射脉冲与回波脉冲之间的时间差，因电磁波以光速传播，据此就能换算成目标的精确距离。目标方位是利用天线的尖锐方位波束测量。仰角靠窄的仰角波束测量。根据仰角和距离就能计算出目标高度。当雷达和目标之间有相对运动时，雷达接收到的目标回波频率与雷达发射频率不同，两者的差值称为多普勒频率。从多普勒频率中可提取的主要信息之一是雷达与目标之间的距离变化率。当目标与干扰杂波同时存在于雷达的同一空间分辨单元内时，雷达利用它们之间多普勒频率的不同能从干扰杂波中检测和跟踪目标。雷达的优点是白天黑夜均能探测远距离的目标，且不受雾、云和雨的阻挡，具有全天候、全天时的特点，并有一定的穿透能力。因此，它不仅成为军事上必不可少的电子装备，而且广泛应用于社会经济发展(如气象预报、资源探测、环境监测等)和科学研究(天体研究、大气物理、电离层结构研究等)。星载和机载合成孔径雷达已经成为当今遥感中十分重要的传感器。其空间分辨力可达几米到几十米，且与距离无关。雷达在洪水监测、海冰监测、土壤湿度调查、森林资源清查、地质调查等方面显示了很好的应用潜力。
About Radar
The concept of radar formed in the early 20th century， before and after the Second World War was the rapid development. The principle of radar， the device is a transmitter antenna through the electromagnetic energy of a shooting at the direction of the space， in the direction of objects encountered reflection of electromagnetic waves; radar antenna to receive the reflected waves， to the receiving equipment to carry out processing， extraction The object was related to some of the information (the target objects to the distance between radar， or the rate of change from the radial velocity， location， height， etc.). CW radar and radar is divided into two major categories of radar pulses. Radar pulse as a result of easy to achieve precise location and receive echo in the resting pulse during the launch， the receiving antennas and antenna can be used to launch the same deputy antennas， and therefore in the development of radar in the main UN status. Measuring the distance is a measure of the actual launch with the pulse-echo pulse of the time difference between， as a result of electromagnetic waves in order to spread the speed of light， which can be converted into the precise distance from the target. The goal is to position the antenna to use sharp beam position measurement. Elevation on the narrow beam angle of elevation measurements. According to the elevation and distance will be able to calculate the target height. When the radar and the relative motion between the target， the radar echoes received by the target frequency radar and launch a different frequency， known as the difference between the Doppler frequency. From the Doppler frequency can be extracted from the main message is one of the radar and the distance between the target rate of change. When the goal of interference with the clutter at the same time present in the same spatial resolution of the radar unit， among them the use of Doppler radar frequency interference from the different clutter in the detection and tracking the target. Radar has the advantage of both day and night to detect long-range goals， and not subject to fog， cloud and rain to stop， with all-weather， all the characteristics and a certain degree of penetration. As a result， it has become not only essential military electronic equipment， and is widely used in socio-economic development (such as weather forecasting， resource exploration， environmental monitoring， etc.) and scientific research (study of celestial bodies， atmospheric physics， ionospheric structure， etc.). And on-board airborne synthetic aperture radar remote sensing has become a very important sensor. The spatial resolution of up to a few tens of meters， and has nothing to do with distance. Radar in the flood monitoring， sea ice monitoring， soil moisture survey of forest resources inventory， such as the Geological Survey shows a very good application potential.
用翻译机翻得。你改一下明显的错误，很快可以搞定
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