Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify and characterize carbon nanotubes. Specimens for TEM observation were prepared by ultra-sonicating carbon nanotubes in alcohol, then dipping a TEM sample grid into the dispersi... Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to
identify and characterize carbon nanotubes. Specimens for
TEM observation were prepared by ultra-sonicating carbon
nanotubes in alcohol, then dipping a TEM sample grid into
the dispersion. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms of nanotube
samples were measured at 77.5 K by an ASAP 2010
volumetric sorption analyzer (Micromeritics) with addi-
tional options for the micropore analysis. The volume of
adsorbed nitrogen at 77.5 K was measured as a function of
25 the equilibrium pressure over a range from 10 Torr to
the saturation vapor pressure. Prior to adsorption measure-
ments, samples were outgassed under vacuum at 573 K for
3 h. The pore size distributions (PSD) of samples were
obtained by analyzing the isotherm with BJH equation. To
check any significant chemical modification, the raw and conpurified
sample was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Photoelectron spectra of
samples were measured using a PHI5300 X-ray photoelec-
tron spectrometer (PE Corp.) with Al Ka source. The
spectra were recorded at room temperature under high
vacuum. All binding energies (BE) were corrected for
sample charging using the BE of C as an external 1s
standard (284.6 eV). All data were analyzed with the aid of
an Applle Series 3500. Thermo-gravimetric analysis
(TGA) was used to determine the content of the Fe catalyst
in the sample, and a CAHN2000 thermo-gravimetric
analyzer was used to characterize weight loss during
oxidation of the samples in air with heating to 11008C at a
rate of 108C/min.
carbon nanotubes碳纳米管
micropore analysis微孔分析.
adsorbed nitrogen吸附态氮
saturation vapor pressure饱和蒸汽压
pore size distributions孔径分布
X-ray photoelectron spectrometer X射线光电子能谱
binding energies结合能
Thermo-gravimetric analysis热解重量分析(TGA)
Fe catalyst铁催化剂
external standard外标
Micromeritics比表面积-微孔洞测定仪
容量吸附分析仪volumetric sorption analyzer
透射电子显微学Transmission Electron Microscopy
透射电子显微镜(TEM)用于鉴定和测量碳纳米管。透射电子显微镜观察的样品在乙醇中用超声碳纳米管来制备,然后浸入TEM样品滤网进行分散。纳米管样品在77.5 K时的氮吸附等温线用ASAP-2010型容量吸附分析仪(比表面积-微孔洞测定仪) 测定,还可以用来做微孔分析。77.5 K时吸附态氮的体积测定条件是从10 Torr到饱和蒸汽压的恒压下。吸附测定前,样品在573 K 温度下在真空中烘3小时。样品的孔径分布(PSD)用BJH方程分析其等温线得到。为了检查任何显著的化学变化,样品的粗品和纯化产品分别用用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析。样品的光电子能谱用PHI5300型带有铝-Ka源的X射线光电子能谱(PE公司)测定。能谱在室温下高真空中得以记录。所有样品的结合能(BE)用碳的结合能作为外标 (284.6 eV)进行矫正。所有数据用Applle Series 3500型热解重量分析仪(TGA)分析。热解重量分析仪用于确定样品中铁催化剂的含量,用CAHN2000型热解重量分析仪用来检测样品以108度/分钟的速率加热到11008度(属于程序升温的,我做过)在空气中氧化损失的重量。外标